Java Swing – 将矩形拖到 JPanel 上的有效方法？

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Java Swing - Valid approach for dragging rectangles onto a JPanel?

我有一些绘制矩形的代码。它用于在 JPanel 上绘制矩形，以标记小部件的边界。这里首先是代码，然后我将解释我的问题cq。问题。

首先，我有一个扩展 JPanel.

的类 (WidgetDrawingPanel)

public WidgetDrawingPanel(int width, int height) {

  /*To make things visible at least*/

  widgets.add(new Widget(10,10,100,100, WidgetType.TextField));

  widgets.add(new Widget(50,50,100,200, WidgetType.TextField));

  this.width = width;

  this.height = height;

  this.setBackground(Color.BLUE);

  addListener(); //adds both MouseMotionListener and MouseListener

}

private void addListener() {

  this.addMouseMotionListener(new MouseMotionListener() {

    @Override

    public void mouseDragged(MouseEvent arg0) {

      ch.currentX = arg0.getX();

      ch.currentY = arg0.getY();

      System.out.println("dragging" + ch.currentX +","+ch.currentY);

      WidgetDrawingPanel.this.repaint();

    }

  });

  this.addMouseListener(new MouseListener() {

    @Override

    public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent event) {

      ch.endX = event.getX();

      ch.endY = event.getY();

      try {

        checkCoords();

      } catch (OutsidePanelException e) {

        e.printStackTrace();

        JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,"drawn Outside Panel");

      }

    }



    @Override

    public void mousePressed(MouseEvent event) {

      ch = new CoordinateHolder(event.getX(), event.getY());

    }

  });

}
@Override

public void paintComponent(Graphics g) {

  super.paintComponent(g);

  System.out.println("Paint");

  g.setColor(Color.BLUE);

  g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height); //making the whole panel blue

  g.setColor(Color.RED);

  Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D)g;

  g2.setStroke(new BasicStroke(3));

  for (Widget w : widgets) { 

    g.drawRect(w.getX(), w.getY(), w.getW(), w.getH());

  }

  if (ch != null)

    g.drawRect(ch.startX, ch.startY, ch.currentX - ch.startX, ch.currentY - ch.startY);

}

import java.awt.*;

import java.awt.event.*;

import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;



import javax.swing.*;



@SuppressWarnings("serial")

public class DrawingPanel extends JPanel {

 private static final int PREF_W = 600;

 private static final int PREF_H = 400;

 private static final Color DRAWING_COLOR = new Color(255, 100, 200);

 private static final Color FINAL_DRAWING_COLOR = Color.red;



 private BufferedImage backgroundImg;

 private Point startPt = null;

 private Point endPt = null;

 private Point currentPt = null;



 public DrawingPanel() {

   backgroundImg = new BufferedImage(PREF_W, PREF_H,

      BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);

   Graphics g = backgroundImg.getGraphics();

   g.setColor(Color.blue);

   g.fillRect(0, 0, PREF_W, PREF_H);

   g.dispose();



   MyMouseAdapter myMouseAdapter = new MyMouseAdapter();

   addMouseMotionListener(myMouseAdapter);

   addMouseListener(myMouseAdapter);

 }



 @Override

 protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {

   super.paintComponent(g);

   if (backgroundImg != null) {

    g.drawImage(backgroundImg, 0, 0, this);

   }



   if (startPt != null && currentPt != null) {

    g.setColor(DRAWING_COLOR);

    int x = Math.min(startPt.x, currentPt.x);

    int y = Math.min(startPt.y, currentPt.y);

    int width = Math.abs(startPt.x - currentPt.x);

    int height = Math.abs(startPt.y - currentPt.y);

    g.drawRect(x, y, width, height);

   }

 }



 @Override

 public Dimension getPreferredSize() {

   return new Dimension(PREF_W, PREF_H);

 }



 public void drawToBackground() {

   Graphics g = backgroundImg.getGraphics();

   g.setColor(FINAL_DRAWING_COLOR);

   int x = Math.min(startPt.x, endPt.x);

   int y = Math.min(startPt.y, endPt.y);

   int width = Math.abs(startPt.x - endPt.x);

   int height = Math.abs(startPt.y - endPt.y);

   g.drawRect(x, y, width, height);

   g.dispose();



   startPt = null;

   repaint();

 }



 private class MyMouseAdapter extends MouseAdapter {

   @Override

   public void mouseDragged(MouseEvent mEvt) {

    currentPt = mEvt.getPoint();

    DrawingPanel.this.repaint();

   }



   @Override

   public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent mEvt) {

    endPt = mEvt.getPoint();

    currentPt = null;

    drawToBackground();

   }



   @Override

   public void mousePressed(MouseEvent mEvt) {

    startPt = mEvt.getPoint();

   }

 }



 private static void createAndShowGui() {

   DrawingPanel mainPanel = new DrawingPanel();



   JFrame frame = new JFrame("Drawing Panel");

   frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

   frame.getContentPane().add(mainPanel);

   frame.pack();

   frame.setLocationByPlatform(true);

   frame.setVisible(true);

 }



 public static void main(String[] args) {

   SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {

    public void run() {

      createAndShowGui();

    }

   });

 }

}

下面你会看到我引用了很多 ch。这是一个 CoordinateHolder，它保存了我的鼠标移动的起始坐标和当前坐标。

public WidgetDrawingPanel(int width, int height) {

  /*To make things visible at least*/

  widgets.add(new Widget(10,10,100,100, WidgetType.TextField));

  widgets.add(new Widget(50,50,100,200, WidgetType.TextField));

  this.width = width;

  this.height = height;

  this.setBackground(Color.BLUE);

  addListener(); //adds both MouseMotionListener and MouseListener

}

private void addListener() {

  this.addMouseMotionListener(new MouseMotionListener() {

    @Override

    public void mouseDragged(MouseEvent arg0) {

      ch.currentX = arg0.getX();

      ch.currentY = arg0.getY();

      System.out.println("dragging" + ch.currentX +","+ch.currentY);

      WidgetDrawingPanel.this.repaint();

    }

  });

  this.addMouseListener(new MouseListener() {

    @Override

    public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent event) {

      ch.endX = event.getX();

      ch.endY = event.getY();

      try {

        checkCoords();

      } catch (OutsidePanelException e) {

        e.printStackTrace();

        JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,"drawn Outside Panel");

      }

    }



    @Override

    public void mousePressed(MouseEvent event) {

      ch = new CoordinateHolder(event.getX(), event.getY());

    }

  });

}
@Override

public void paintComponent(Graphics g) {

  super.paintComponent(g);

  System.out.println("Paint");

  g.setColor(Color.BLUE);

  g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height); //making the whole panel blue

  g.setColor(Color.RED);

  Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D)g;

  g2.setStroke(new BasicStroke(3));

  for (Widget w : widgets) { 

    g.drawRect(w.getX(), w.getY(), w.getW(), w.getH());

  }

  if (ch != null)

    g.drawRect(ch.startX, ch.startY, ch.currentX - ch.startX, ch.currentY - ch.startY);

}

import java.awt.*;

import java.awt.event.*;

import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;



import javax.swing.*;



@SuppressWarnings("serial")

public class DrawingPanel extends JPanel {

 private static final int PREF_W = 600;

 private static final int PREF_H = 400;

 private static final Color DRAWING_COLOR = new Color(255, 100, 200);

 private static final Color FINAL_DRAWING_COLOR = Color.red;



 private BufferedImage backgroundImg;

 private Point startPt = null;

 private Point endPt = null;

 private Point currentPt = null;



 public DrawingPanel() {

   backgroundImg = new BufferedImage(PREF_W, PREF_H,

      BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);

   Graphics g = backgroundImg.getGraphics();

   g.setColor(Color.blue);

   g.fillRect(0, 0, PREF_W, PREF_H);

   g.dispose();



   MyMouseAdapter myMouseAdapter = new MyMouseAdapter();

   addMouseMotionListener(myMouseAdapter);

   addMouseListener(myMouseAdapter);

 }



 @Override

 protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {

   super.paintComponent(g);

   if (backgroundImg != null) {

    g.drawImage(backgroundImg, 0, 0, this);

   }



   if (startPt != null && currentPt != null) {

    g.setColor(DRAWING_COLOR);

    int x = Math.min(startPt.x, currentPt.x);

    int y = Math.min(startPt.y, currentPt.y);

    int width = Math.abs(startPt.x - currentPt.x);

    int height = Math.abs(startPt.y - currentPt.y);

    g.drawRect(x, y, width, height);

   }

 }



 @Override

 public Dimension getPreferredSize() {

   return new Dimension(PREF_W, PREF_H);

 }



 public void drawToBackground() {

   Graphics g = backgroundImg.getGraphics();

   g.setColor(FINAL_DRAWING_COLOR);

   int x = Math.min(startPt.x, endPt.x);

   int y = Math.min(startPt.y, endPt.y);

   int width = Math.abs(startPt.x - endPt.x);

   int height = Math.abs(startPt.y - endPt.y);

   g.drawRect(x, y, width, height);

   g.dispose();



   startPt = null;

   repaint();

 }



 private class MyMouseAdapter extends MouseAdapter {

   @Override

   public void mouseDragged(MouseEvent mEvt) {

    currentPt = mEvt.getPoint();

    DrawingPanel.this.repaint();

   }



   @Override

   public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent mEvt) {

    endPt = mEvt.getPoint();

    currentPt = null;

    drawToBackground();

   }



   @Override

   public void mousePressed(MouseEvent mEvt) {

    startPt = mEvt.getPoint();

   }

 }



 private static void createAndShowGui() {

   DrawingPanel mainPanel = new DrawingPanel();



   JFrame frame = new JFrame("Drawing Panel");

   frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

   frame.getContentPane().add(mainPanel);

   frame.pack();

   frame.setLocationByPlatform(true);

   frame.setVisible(true);

 }



 public static void main(String[] args) {

   SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {

    public void run() {

      createAndShowGui();

    }

   });

 }

}

，最后是 paintComponent(Grapics) 方法。有循环通过Widgets，实际上只是已经绘制了Rects(x，y，w，h 属性)，但是其中的信息多一点，这在应用程序的绘图部分没有用。每次释放鼠标时，CoordinateHolder 都会转换为 Widget，并添加到 Widgets.

public WidgetDrawingPanel(int width, int height) {

  /*To make things visible at least*/

  widgets.add(new Widget(10,10,100,100, WidgetType.TextField));

  widgets.add(new Widget(50,50,100,200, WidgetType.TextField));

  this.width = width;

  this.height = height;

  this.setBackground(Color.BLUE);

  addListener(); //adds both MouseMotionListener and MouseListener

}

private void addListener() {

  this.addMouseMotionListener(new MouseMotionListener() {

    @Override

    public void mouseDragged(MouseEvent arg0) {

      ch.currentX = arg0.getX();

      ch.currentY = arg0.getY();

      System.out.println("dragging" + ch.currentX +","+ch.currentY);

      WidgetDrawingPanel.this.repaint();

    }

  });

  this.addMouseListener(new MouseListener() {

    @Override

    public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent event) {

      ch.endX = event.getX();

      ch.endY = event.getY();

      try {

        checkCoords();

      } catch (OutsidePanelException e) {

        e.printStackTrace();

        JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,"drawn Outside Panel");

      }

    }



    @Override

    public void mousePressed(MouseEvent event) {

      ch = new CoordinateHolder(event.getX(), event.getY());

    }

  });

}
@Override

public void paintComponent(Graphics g) {

  super.paintComponent(g);

  System.out.println("Paint");

  g.setColor(Color.BLUE);

  g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height); //making the whole panel blue

  g.setColor(Color.RED);

  Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D)g;

  g2.setStroke(new BasicStroke(3));

  for (Widget w : widgets) { 

    g.drawRect(w.getX(), w.getY(), w.getW(), w.getH());

  }

  if (ch != null)

    g.drawRect(ch.startX, ch.startY, ch.currentX - ch.startX, ch.currentY - ch.startY);

}

import java.awt.*;

import java.awt.event.*;

import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;



import javax.swing.*;



@SuppressWarnings("serial")

public class DrawingPanel extends JPanel {

 private static final int PREF_W = 600;

 private static final int PREF_H = 400;

 private static final Color DRAWING_COLOR = new Color(255, 100, 200);

 private static final Color FINAL_DRAWING_COLOR = Color.red;



 private BufferedImage backgroundImg;

 private Point startPt = null;

 private Point endPt = null;

 private Point currentPt = null;



 public DrawingPanel() {

   backgroundImg = new BufferedImage(PREF_W, PREF_H,

      BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);

   Graphics g = backgroundImg.getGraphics();

   g.setColor(Color.blue);

   g.fillRect(0, 0, PREF_W, PREF_H);

   g.dispose();



   MyMouseAdapter myMouseAdapter = new MyMouseAdapter();

   addMouseMotionListener(myMouseAdapter);

   addMouseListener(myMouseAdapter);

 }



 @Override

 protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {

   super.paintComponent(g);

   if (backgroundImg != null) {

    g.drawImage(backgroundImg, 0, 0, this);

   }



   if (startPt != null && currentPt != null) {

    g.setColor(DRAWING_COLOR);

    int x = Math.min(startPt.x, currentPt.x);

    int y = Math.min(startPt.y, currentPt.y);

    int width = Math.abs(startPt.x - currentPt.x);

    int height = Math.abs(startPt.y - currentPt.y);

    g.drawRect(x, y, width, height);

   }

 }



 @Override

 public Dimension getPreferredSize() {

   return new Dimension(PREF_W, PREF_H);

 }



 public void drawToBackground() {

   Graphics g = backgroundImg.getGraphics();

   g.setColor(FINAL_DRAWING_COLOR);

   int x = Math.min(startPt.x, endPt.x);

   int y = Math.min(startPt.y, endPt.y);

   int width = Math.abs(startPt.x - endPt.x);

   int height = Math.abs(startPt.y - endPt.y);

   g.drawRect(x, y, width, height);

   g.dispose();



   startPt = null;

   repaint();

 }



 private class MyMouseAdapter extends MouseAdapter {

   @Override

   public void mouseDragged(MouseEvent mEvt) {

    currentPt = mEvt.getPoint();

    DrawingPanel.this.repaint();

   }



   @Override

   public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent mEvt) {

    endPt = mEvt.getPoint();

    currentPt = null;

    drawToBackground();

   }



   @Override

   public void mousePressed(MouseEvent mEvt) {

    startPt = mEvt.getPoint();

   }

 }



 private static void createAndShowGui() {

   DrawingPanel mainPanel = new DrawingPanel();



   JFrame frame = new JFrame("Drawing Panel");

   frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

   frame.getContentPane().add(mainPanel);

   frame.pack();

   frame.setLocationByPlatform(true);

   frame.setVisible(true);

 }



 public static void main(String[] args) {

   SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {

    public void run() {

      createAndShowGui();

    }

   });

 }

}

这段代码可以工作，但我怀疑这是非常低效和低效的，因为上面的代码会在鼠标拖动时不断刷新 JPanel，也就是说，每 10 毫秒一次？我想它很快就会变慢，尤其是当用户创建大量矩形时(它们也不断重绘，如 painComponent(Graphics) 所示)。

问题cq。问题

有没有更好、更省资源的方法，用户可以流畅地拖动矩形？

我在 Java 的 JFrame 上阅读了这个 Drag rectangle 的答案，但该答案的作者似乎和我一样。但是再一次，这太低效了，对吧？或者计算机是否应该能够轻松地不断重绘组件，这实际上是一种有效的方法吗？

要显示大量不变的背景形状，请将它们绘制到 BufferedImage 中，然后在 paintComponent(...) 方法中显示该 BufferedImage。因此，在绘制形状时，将其绘制在 paintComponent(...) 中，但一旦绘制完成，可能在 mouseRelease 上，然后在后台 BufferedImage.

中绘制它

请注意，最会减慢您当前绘图代码的可能是您的调试 SOP 语句，但我假设这些将从完成的代码中删除。

例如：

public WidgetDrawingPanel(int width, int height) {

  /*To make things visible at least*/

  widgets.add(new Widget(10,10,100,100, WidgetType.TextField));

  widgets.add(new Widget(50,50,100,200, WidgetType.TextField));

  this.width = width;

  this.height = height;

  this.setBackground(Color.BLUE);

  addListener(); //adds both MouseMotionListener and MouseListener

}

private void addListener() {

  this.addMouseMotionListener(new MouseMotionListener() {

    @Override

    public void mouseDragged(MouseEvent arg0) {

      ch.currentX = arg0.getX();

      ch.currentY = arg0.getY();

      System.out.println("dragging" + ch.currentX +","+ch.currentY);

      WidgetDrawingPanel.this.repaint();

    }

  });

  this.addMouseListener(new MouseListener() {

    @Override

    public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent event) {

      ch.endX = event.getX();

      ch.endY = event.getY();

      try {

        checkCoords();

      } catch (OutsidePanelException e) {

        e.printStackTrace();

        JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,"drawn Outside Panel");

      }

    }



    @Override

    public void mousePressed(MouseEvent event) {

      ch = new CoordinateHolder(event.getX(), event.getY());

    }

  });

}
@Override

public void paintComponent(Graphics g) {

  super.paintComponent(g);

  System.out.println("Paint");

  g.setColor(Color.BLUE);

  g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height); //making the whole panel blue

  g.setColor(Color.RED);

  Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D)g;

  g2.setStroke(new BasicStroke(3));

  for (Widget w : widgets) { 

    g.drawRect(w.getX(), w.getY(), w.getW(), w.getH());

  }

  if (ch != null)

    g.drawRect(ch.startX, ch.startY, ch.currentX - ch.startX, ch.currentY - ch.startY);

}

import java.awt.*;

import java.awt.event.*;

import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;



import javax.swing.*;



@SuppressWarnings("serial")

public class DrawingPanel extends JPanel {

 private static final int PREF_W = 600;

 private static final int PREF_H = 400;

 private static final Color DRAWING_COLOR = new Color(255, 100, 200);

 private static final Color FINAL_DRAWING_COLOR = Color.red;



 private BufferedImage backgroundImg;

 private Point startPt = null;

 private Point endPt = null;

 private Point currentPt = null;



 public DrawingPanel() {

   backgroundImg = new BufferedImage(PREF_W, PREF_H,

      BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);

   Graphics g = backgroundImg.getGraphics();

   g.setColor(Color.blue);

   g.fillRect(0, 0, PREF_W, PREF_H);

   g.dispose();



   MyMouseAdapter myMouseAdapter = new MyMouseAdapter();

   addMouseMotionListener(myMouseAdapter);

   addMouseListener(myMouseAdapter);

 }



 @Override

 protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {

   super.paintComponent(g);

   if (backgroundImg != null) {

    g.drawImage(backgroundImg, 0, 0, this);

   }



   if (startPt != null && currentPt != null) {

    g.setColor(DRAWING_COLOR);

    int x = Math.min(startPt.x, currentPt.x);

    int y = Math.min(startPt.y, currentPt.y);

    int width = Math.abs(startPt.x - currentPt.x);

    int height = Math.abs(startPt.y - currentPt.y);

    g.drawRect(x, y, width, height);

   }

 }



 @Override

 public Dimension getPreferredSize() {

   return new Dimension(PREF_W, PREF_H);

 }



 public void drawToBackground() {

   Graphics g = backgroundImg.getGraphics();

   g.setColor(FINAL_DRAWING_COLOR);

   int x = Math.min(startPt.x, endPt.x);

   int y = Math.min(startPt.y, endPt.y);

   int width = Math.abs(startPt.x - endPt.x);

   int height = Math.abs(startPt.y - endPt.y);

   g.drawRect(x, y, width, height);

   g.dispose();



   startPt = null;

   repaint();

 }



 private class MyMouseAdapter extends MouseAdapter {

   @Override

   public void mouseDragged(MouseEvent mEvt) {

    currentPt = mEvt.getPoint();

    DrawingPanel.this.repaint();

   }



   @Override

   public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent mEvt) {

    endPt = mEvt.getPoint();

    currentPt = null;

    drawToBackground();

   }



   @Override

   public void mousePressed(MouseEvent mEvt) {

    startPt = mEvt.getPoint();

   }

 }



 private static void createAndShowGui() {

   DrawingPanel mainPanel = new DrawingPanel();



   JFrame frame = new JFrame("Drawing Panel");

   frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

   frame.getContentPane().add(mainPanel);

   frame.pack();

   frame.setLocationByPlatform(true);

   frame.setVisible(true);

 }



 public static void main(String[] args) {

   SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {

    public void run() {

      createAndShowGui();

    }

   });

 }

}
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